You are reading the 2024/25 Academic Calendar. The 2023/24 version remains in effect until August 31, 2024 and is available here.

Commerce, Faculty of Commerce & Business Administration

COMM: Commerce

In general, not all of the prerequisites for Commerce courses are listed. Students must be registered in the same year level as the course they intend to register in. For example, eligiblity for Commerce 400-level courses requires a student to have completed second and third-year Commerce, and to be registered in fourth year. Students should refer to the Commerce website or contact the Undergraduate Office regarding course prerequisites and variations from standard program sequences. Additional fees are charged for some courses.


  1. COMM 100 (3) Introduction to Business

    An overview of all functional areas of business. Students will be introduced to the computer and internet tools commonly used in business. For non-Commerce students only. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 100 or COMR 100.

    Equivalency: COMR 100.

  2. COMM 101 (3) Business Fundamentals

    The different disciplines of business and their combination in management planning and decision-making. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  3. COMM 105 (3) Values, Ethics, and Community

    An introduction to the roles and responsibilities of business at individual, organizational, and societal levels. Students will examine their personal values and lay the foundation for ongoing, active exploration of career paths through which they can achieve their goals. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  4. COMM 120 (3) Business Immersion

    A broad introduction to the field of business and how the different disciplines within business interact and combine in business decision-making. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  5. COMM 186 (1.5-12) d Topics in Business I

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  6. COMM 190 (3) Introduction to Quantitative Decision Making

    Introduction to decision models in business, including basic optimization, linear programming, probability, decision analysis, random variables, simulation, and solving decision problems using spreadsheet tools. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 190, COMM 290, ECON 325, ECON 327, PSYC 366, STAT 241, or STAT 251. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: One of MATH 100, MATH 102, MATH 104, MATH 110, MATH 120, MATH 180, MATH 184.

    Equivalency: COMM 290.

  7. COMM 191 (3) Application of Statistics in Business

    Methods and applications of statistics in business; data analysis, descriptive regression; data generation; sampling distributions; hypothesis testing; confidence intervals; two sample problems; inference in regression. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 191, BIOL 300, COMM 291, ECON 226, ECON 325, ECON 327, EPSE 482, FRST 231, GEOG 374, KIN 371, PSYC 218, PSYC 278, PSYC 366, POLI 380, SOCI 328, STAT 200, or STAT 203. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 190, COMM 290.

    Equivalency: COMM 291.

  8. COMM 192 (3) Management and Organizational Behaviour

    Behaviour in organizations as it affects people as individuals, their relationships with others, their performance in groups and their effectiveness at work. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 192, COMM 292, COMM 321, COMM 329, or COMR 329. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMM 292.

  9. COMM 196 (3) Business Communications I

    An activity-focused course providing the opportunity to study and practice forms of written and non-written communication needed in business.Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 196 or COMM 395. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  10. COMM 201 (3(3)6) d Study Abroad, Non-Commerce

    A study abroad program developed in cooperation between UBC Faculty of Commerce and another institution offering a set of courses tailored to a particular field of study. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  11. COMM 202 (1) Career Fundamentals

    Fundamentals of career management including effective resume and cover letter writing, performing well in interviews and learning about the recruiting cycles, networking and resources available at the Hari B. Varshney Business Career Centre. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  12. COMM 203 (3) Managing the Employment Relationship

    The role of employment relations in enterprise performance. Managing employees under statutory law, collective bargaining, and progressive human resource management. Key issues in forming, developing, and maintaining a work force. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 192, COMM 292 and either (a) all of ECON 101, ECON 102 or (b) ECON 100.

  13. COMM 204 (3) Logistics and Operations Management

    The design and management of systems to make products, provide services and deliver them to the end user. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 204, COMM 398, or COMR 398. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 190, COMM 290 and one of COMM 191, COMM 291.

  14. COMM 205 (3) Introduction to Management Information Systems

    Overview of computer technology and terminology; use of computers as managerial and administrative tools; the management of computer resources and the influence of information technology within the organization. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  15. COMM 220 (3) Business Communications

    An experiential course covering a broad range of business writing and communications. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  16. COMM 271 (3) Introduction to Capital Markets

    Roles of capital market institutions and participants. Skill development for basic financial principles in the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of bond and stock investments. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  17. COMM 280 (3) Entrepreneurship

    Entrepreneurial essentials from creating viable opportunities through building a founding team, strategic planning, going to market, fleshing out an organization and planning the future of the business. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 280 or COMR 280.

    Equivalency: COMR 280.

  18. COMM 286 (1.5-12) d Topics in Business II

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  19. COMM 293 (3) Financial Accounting

    Introduction to the construction and interpretation of financial reports prepared primarily for external use. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 293, COEC 293, or COMM 320. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of MATH 100, MATH 102, MATH 104, MATH 110, MATH 120, MATH 180, MATH 184.

    Equivalency: COEC 293.

  20. COMM 294 (3) Managerial Accounting

    Introduction to the development and use of accounting information for management planning and control and the development of cost information for financial reports. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 294 or COEC 294. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COEC 293, COMM 293.

    Equivalency: COEC 294.

  21. COMM 295 (3) Managerial Economics

    Economic foundations of managerial decision-making. Demand theory, cost and production, market structure, competitive strategy, organization of the firm, welfare-economic foundations of business regulation. Credit will be granted for only one of ECON 201, ECON 206, ECON 301, ECON 304, FRE 295 or COMM 295. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: Either (a) ECON 100 or (b) all of ECON 101, ECON 102.

  22. COMM 296 (3) Introduction to Marketing

    Basic considerations affecting the domestic and international marketing of goods and services. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 296, COMM 420, COMM 465, or COMR 465. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: COMM 293 and one of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

  23. COMM 298 (3) Introduction to Finance

    Introduces the basic principles of financial valuation, including the time-value of money and the risk/return tradeoff. Develops tools for the quantitative analysis of corporate and/or individual financing and saving decisions, and of capital budgeting decisions. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 298, COEC 298, COMM 421, COMM 473, or COMR 473. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading. [3-0-0]

    Corequisite: COMM 293 and one of COMM 190, COMM 290 and one of COMM 295, ECON 301.

    Equivalency: COEC 298.

  24. COMM 300 (3(3)6) d Study Abroad, Commerce

    A study abroad program developed in cooperation between UBC Faculty of Commerce and another institution offering a set of courses tailored to a particular field of study. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  25. COMM 301 (3(3)6) d Study Abroad, Commerce

    A study abroad program developed in cooperation between the Sauder School of Business and another institution offering a set of courses tailored to a particular field of study. Pass/Fail. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  26. COMM 302 (3(3)6) d Study Abroad, Non-Commerce

    A study abroad program developed in cooperation between UBC Faculty of Commerce and another institution offering a set of courses tailored to a particular field of study. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  27. COMM 303 (3(3)6) d Study Abroad, Non-Commerce

    A study abroad program developed in cooperation between the Sauder School of Business and another institution offering a set of courses tailored to a particular field of study. Pass/Fail. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  28. COMM 306 (3) Urban Land Economics

    Examines economic factors affecting the urban land market, with an emphasis on determinants of urban land values, the housing market, urban transportation, and land use policies. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

  29. COMM 307 (3) Real Estate Investment

    Evaluation of investment in real estate assets; proforma analysis, property and asset management, equity securitization, appraisal, and international real estate investment. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301 and one of COMM 297, COMM 298.

  30. COMM 310 (3) Simulation Models in Business Decision-Making

    Computer simulation, simulation languages. Typical business applications in financial planning, waiting line problems and other operating problems.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 191, COMM 291.

  31. COMM 311 (3) Research Theory for Commerce Scholars

    Social science research: theory, research design, methods, and criticism. For students in the Commerce Scholars Program only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  32. COMM 312 (3) Business Ethics Leadership

    Skill Development for leading organizations while better managing for values. Recognizing organizational values, and developing concrete plans for better delivering on these values. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  33. COMM 314 (3) Strategies for Responsible Business

    Tools to apply sustainable and responsible decision making through individual, organizational, and structural lenses. Topics include diversity and group think, the circular economy, and climate change adaptation. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  34. COMM 320 (1.5) Foundations in Accounting I

    Preparation of financial statements and use of financial information contained in financial statements to make better decisions. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  35. COMM 321 (1.5) Organizational Behaviour

    Effects of individual and group behaviour on organizational processes and outcomes. Application of relevant frameworks from the social sciences to particular organizational situations. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  36. COMM 323 (3) Leading Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Organizations

    Topics in diversity related to identity, group categorization, stereotyping, explicit and implicit bias, microaggressions, and discrimination. Mitigation of institutional inequality and discrimination through inclusive leadership and critical analysis of organizational practices and policies. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 203.

  37. COMM 324 (3) People Analytics

    Application of descriptive and inferential statistics to decisions in core Human Resources (HR) areas, including recruitment, selection, compensation, training, and performance management using organizations. HR data and human capital metrics. Machine learning and AI in strategic HR decision making. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 203, COMM 191, COMM 205.

  38. COMM 335 (3) Information Systems Technology and Development

    Introduction to information technology related to business use. Design, implementation and application of Information Systems. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 205, CPSC 210.

  39. COMM 336 (3) Introduction to Digital Business

    Business fundamentals in the digital economy: leveraging digitization and automation; data and analytics; platforms; crowdsourcing; understanding the impact of digital technologies on firms, markets, economies as well as individuals and society. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 205.

  40. COMM 337 (3) Business Programming and Analytics

    Introduction to object-oriented computer programming; computational thinking; program design; scripting; documentation techniques; file handling; database access; and web crawling techniques. Students will apply data structures and programming constructs to the development of business analytics and other related applications. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 337 and CPSC 103. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 205.

  41. COMM 342 (3) Global Supply Chain & Logistics Management I - Study Abroad

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  42. COMM 343 (3) Global Supply Chain & Logistics Management II - Study Abroad

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  43. COMM 344 (3) Global Supply Chain & Logistics Management III - Study Abroad

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  44. COMM 345 (3) Global Supply Chain & Logistics Management IV - Study Abroad

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  45. COMM 349 (3) Logistics Services Management

    Overview of the characteristics and commercial environment of logistics and transportation services; service operations planning and design, costing, pricing and quality management. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: One of COMM 204, COMM 296.

  46. COMM 353 (3) Financial Accounting: Intermediate I

    An examination of accounting as a means of measurement and as an information system for external reporting purposes. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 293, COMM 294.

    Corequisite: Either (a) all of COMM 297, COMM 397 or (b) COMM 298.

  47. COMM 354 (3) Cost Accounting

    The provision and analysis of cost accounting information that will assist management in making operating decisions and in evaluating operational performance. The utilization of statistical analysis and linear models is included. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 293, COMM 294 and one of COMM 190, COMM 290 and one of COMM 191, COMM 291.

  48. COMM 355 (3) Income Taxation

    A study of income tax from the standpoint of the individual and of business enterprise. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 293, COMM 457.

  49. COMM 362 (3) Consumer Behaviour

    The use of consumer research and theory in marketing and policy decisions. Psychological, sociological and economic theory and research relevant to consumer behaviour are considered. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296.

  50. COMM 363 (3) Marketing Analysis

    Analytical methods applicable to marketing management decision making; attention to strategic considerations linking analysis of consumer data, corporate data, environmental factors, and competitive response. The course makes extensive use of micro computers. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296.

  51. COMM 365 (3) Market Research

    The process of marketing research including topics such as problem/opportunity formulation, research objectives, data sources, research instrument design, sampling, data collection and processing and methods of data analysis. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296 and one of COMM 190, COMM 290 and one of COMM 191, COMM 291 and one of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

    Corequisite: COMM 205.

  52. COMM 370 (3) Corporate Finance

    Examination of corporate enterprise decisions including capital budgeting; capital structure choice, and financial policies, tools, and valuation. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 370 or COEC 370. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 298.

    Equivalency: COEC 370.

  53. COMM 371 (3) Investment Theory

    Basic concepts of finance, including security valuation, security markets, and financial decisions concerning risk and return. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 371 or COEC 371. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 298.

    Equivalency: COEC 371.

  54. COMM 374 (3) Applied Financial Markets

    Introduction to methodologies and evidence concerning the structure and operation of security markets and the valuation of financial securities including stocks, bonds, options and futures contracts; portfolio management, corporate finance and investment decisions. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 370, COMM 371.

  55. COMM 375 (3) Behavioural Finance

    The psychological processes that give rise to decision-making biases in investment settings and counter-strategies to minimize their negative effects on financial decisions. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  56. COMM 376 (3) Financial Institutions I

    The roles and operation of financial institutions, including banks, and the financial systems and markets in which they function, including those involving payments processes and the creation and use of fiat and digital money including cryptocurrencies. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 298.

  57. COMM 377 (3) International Financial Markets and Institutions

    Structure, nature and institutions of foreign exchange markets, including spot, forward, futures, options, and offshore currency markets. Factors affecting exchange rates are also discussed. Credit will be granted for only one of ECON 456, COMM 377, or COEC 377. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 370, COMM 371.

    Equivalency: COEC 377.

  58. COMM 379 (3) Introduction to Pensions and Insurance

    Financial dimensions and institutional structure of the pension and insurance industry; calculation of annuities and other aspects of actuarial science based on probability distributions and asset returns. Suitable for students in mathematics who have taken basic finance and for commerce students in finance, accounting and related areas. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  59. COMM 380 (3) Co-operative Work Placement I

    Approved and supervised work experience for a minimum of 3.5 months. Normally taken during the winter term of the third year. Technical report required. Restricted to students admitted to the Co-operative Education Program in Commerce. Option-specific prerequisites apply. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  60. COMM 381 (3) Co-operative Work Placement II

    Approved and supervised work experience for a minimum of 3.5 months. Normally taken during the summer term of the third year. Technical report required. Restricted to students admitted to the Co-operative Education Program in Commerce. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 380.

  61. COMM 382 (3) Economics of Entrepreneurship and Innovation

    Fundamental economic issues faced by entrepreneurs who want to commercialize innovations within start-ups and established firms. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 382 and COMR 382. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 382.

  62. COMM 383 (3) Innovation Leadership

    Social science frameworks useful for understanding organizational innovation processes and application of these frameworks to innovation. Diagnosing and solving a broad range of organizational innovation challenges from the perspective of an innovation leader. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  63. COMM 386 (1.5-12) d Topics in Business III

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 386.

  64. COMM 387 (3) Entrepreneurial Finance and Private Equity

    Financial issues encountered by entrepreneurs and those active on the investing side of entrepreneurship, such as working for banks, venture capital firms, or corporate venture organizations, or anyone interacting with entrepreneurs and private equity investors. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 387, COEC 387, or COMR 387. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COEC 387, COMR 387.

  65. COMM 388 (3) Design Methods for Business Innovation

    Studio-based experience in thinking strategies and design processes applied to business innovation in the private, public, and social sectors. Emphasis on problem solving, co-creation, and innovation for external clients in a collaborative environment. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 388 and COMR 388.

    Equivalency: COMR 388.

  66. COMM 389 (3) Creativity in Business

    The role and importance of creativity in developing successful business solutions. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 389 and COMR 389. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 389.

  67. COMM 393 (3) Commercial Law

    Introduction to the law of contracts, with particular reference to contracts for sale of goods and related law of personal property; principles of agency, partnerships and company law. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  68. COMM 394 (3) Environment, Society, and Government

    Roles of government and business in the Canadian economy, emphasizing interactions with the environment and society, including Indigenous communities. Ethical foundations of government, business and personal decision-making. Credit will be granted for only one of COEC 394 or COMM 394. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

    Equivalency: COEC 394.

  69. COMM 395 (3) Business Communications

    Understanding non-written communications in day-to-day business. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  70. COMM 396 (3) Business Communications II

    An activity-focused course providing the opportunity to study and practice forms of written communication needed in business. Credit will be granted for only one COMM 396, COMM 390, COMM 220, or ENGL 301. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 196.

    Equivalency: COMM 390.

  71. COMM 400 (1) Capstone Experience

    Prepares students to transition to career and life after BCom. Integrates and leverages BCom learning towards meeting future challenges personally, at work and in society. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: COMM 491.

  72. COMM 405 (3) Real Estate Finance

    The role of mortgage markets, mathematical analysis of return and valuation issue and methods of dealing with lender and borrower risk exposure. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 297, COMM 298.

  73. COMM 407 (3) Real Estate Economics

    The economics of real estate markets. Topics include real estate cycles and bubbles, search models and vacancy, the relationship between real estate and the economy, housing demand, and models of housing supply. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

  74. COMM 408 (3) Real Estate Development

    The development process from theories of development, market analysis, site selection, project design, land use regulation and financial analysis. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 307, COMM 405.

  75. COMM 411 (3) Intermediate Business Statistics

    Statistical techniques useful in business environments. Includes regression analysis, analysis of variance, forecasting, and logit and probit analysis. Credit may be obtained for only one of STAT 300, 306, and COMM 411.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 191, COMM 291.

    Equivalency: STAT 300.

  76. COMM 412 (3) Negotiation

    Negotiation simulations to provide experience and confidence in the negotiation process and to develop effective skills for achieving objectives. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  77. COMM 414 (3) Data Visualization and Business Analytics

    Descriptive analytics including data analysis and visualization. Predictive analytics including forecasting and various statistical techniques. Predictive analytics including optimization, Monte Carlo simulation, decision trees, and discrete event simulation. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 204.

  78. COMM 415 (3) Quantitative Policy Analysis

    Quantitative evaluation of public policies using statistical evaluation methods, cost benefit, and effectiveness analyses. Public policies affecting service provision and infrastructure investment in air, rail, marine, public transit, and pipelines evaluated on pricing, operating costs, productivity, safety, security, and the environment. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

  79. COMM 420 (1.5) Marketing

    Basic considerations affecting the domestic and international marketing of goods and services. Analytical frameworks and techniques that are used to guide marketing strategy decisions. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  80. COMM 421 (1.5) Introductory Finance

    Introduces the basic principles of financial valuation, including the time-value of money and the risk/return tradeoff. Develops tools for the quantitative analysis of corporate and/or individual financing and saving decisions, and of capital budgeting decisions. For Master of Management - Dual Degree Option students only. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  81. COMM 425 (3) Research Methods for Human Resource Management

    Techniques for collection and analysis of data in organizations to support adoption and administration of human resource management. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 327 and one of COMM 191, COMM 291 and one of COMM 192, COMM 292.

  82. COMM 428 (3) Selected Topics in Human Resource Management

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 327, COMM 425.

  83. COMM 431 (3) Law of Business Organizations and Corporate Governance

    Statutory provisions and case law that regulate the creation and governance of sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, joint ventures, and franchises in British Columbia. Fiduciary duties of partners, directors and officers are also examined. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 393.

  84. COMM 434 (3) Land Law

    Legal principles and concepts relating to real estate and land development. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 393.

  85. COMM 435 (3) CIO Strategies

    Common issues faced by Chief Information Officers (CIO): Cost and value of information technology (IT), IT priorities, IT and the Board of Directors, Business-IT alignment, IT governance, IT talent management, standardization vs. innovation, project and vendor management/partnering, and managing security and risks. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 205.

  86. COMM 436 (3) Information Systems Analysis and Design

    The process of information systems development; modern techniques and tools for systems analysis and design. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 335, CPSC 310.

  87. COMM 437 (3) Database Technology

    Theory and technology of database management from an applications perspective; database design; database administration. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 437, COEC 437, CSPC 304 or CPSC 368. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 335.

  88. COMM 438 (3) Management of Information Systems

    Managerial issues in the administration of computerized information systems. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 205.

  89. COMM 439 (3) Business Telecommunications

    Basic data communications concepts and technology; local area, wide area, and enterprise networks; the Internet; wireless networking; network development life cycle; network security and management. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 439 or CPSC 317, and COMM 439 or CPSC 417. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 335.

  90. COMM 441 (3) Advanced Business Logistics

    Analysis of logistics systems within firms and across supply chains. The formulation of corporate logistics strategies. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: COMM 204.

  91. COMM 443 (3) Service Operations

    This primarily case-based course will cover service operations in general (50%), health care operations (25%), and revenue management (25%). Applications of queuing models will be included in both services in general and healthcare. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 204.

  92. COMM 444 (3) Air Transportation

    An integrative treatment of air transport management including: demand analysis, sales and marketing, globalization trends, aircraft selection and fleet planning; airport economics and management. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301.

  93. COMM 445 (3) Maritime and International Transportation

    The characteristics of shipping services and the role of shipping services in the design and management of international logistics systems. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  94. COMM 446 (3) Transportation Economics

    Economic characteristics of passenger and freight transportation services; market structure of the transportation industry; economic impact of public regulation and promotion and the role of economic analysis in resolving problems of Canadian policy. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 446 or ECON 480. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 201, ECON 301, ECON 206.

    Equivalency: ECON 480.

  95. COMM 447 (3) Applied Project Management

    Project management methodology based on the practices defined by the Project Management Institute, including planning, execution, monitoring, control, and completion. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 295, ECON 301.

  96. COMM 448 (3) Business Logistics and Logistics Services Management

    General services management including warehousing, transportation, intermodal, order-fulfillment, dispatching, and more. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 204.

  97. COMM 449 (3) Supply-Chain Management

    Integrated management of production and logistics systems; management of inter-organizational relationships in the supply chain, including vendor selection, bidding and negotiation processes, partnering and performance measurement. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 204.

  98. COMM 450 (3) Financial Accounting - Intermediate II

    Intermediate II. Continuation of the examination of accounting as a means of measurement and as an information system for external reporting purposes. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 353.

  99. COMM 452 (3) Taxes and Decision Making

    Analysis of business and financial decisions in the presence of taxes. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  100. COMM 453 (3) Financial Accounting-Advanced

    An examination of advanced financial accounting. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 353, COMM 450.

  101. COMM 454 (3) Accounting for Management Control and Incentives

    Design of accounting systems for facilitating and influencing management decisions, with emphasis on performance evaluation in organizations. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 294.

  102. COMM 455 (3) Principles of Auditing

    Principles of internal control, audit evidence, sampling and testing; audit reports; standards; responsibilities of the external auditor. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 353.

    Corequisite: COMM 450.

  103. COMM 456 (3) Information Technology Risks, Protection and Audit

    Business risks associated with the use of information technology. Controls for integrity, security safety, and privacy of hardware, software, data and communications. Methods for auditing information systems and their controls. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 335.

  104. COMM 459 (3) Financial Statement Analysis

    An examination of financial statement information from the perspective of decision makers external to the firm, e.g., investors and financial institutions. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 293 and one of COMM 297, COMM 298 and one of COMM 370, COMM 397.

  105. COMM 460 (3) Social and Nonprofit Marketing

    Examines the role, use, and application of marketing in government agencies and nonprofit institutions. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  106. COMM 461 (3) Business Development

    Principles and practice of personal selling and leadership of teams: strategy, tactics, and implementation. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  107. COMM 462 (3) Integrated Marketing Communication

    Marketing communication campaign strategy, conceptual framework, and practical application for integrated marketing communications, including advertising. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 362.

  108. COMM 463 (3) Public Relations

    Managing an organization's strategic communications and relationships with diverse publics to handle issues, strengthen reputation, fulfill social responsibilities, and build trust. Topics include stakeholder engagement, issues management, crisis communications, and events and sponsorship. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  109. COMM 464 (3) Digital Marketing

    Investigation of Internet-based marketing, emphasizing customer-focused perspectives, competitive situations and analysis of the effectiveness of business websites using marketing principles and practices. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296.

  110. COMM 466 (6) New Venture Design

    Teams comprising students in COMM 466 and APSC 486 propose a new product, produce a viable prototype, and develop a business plan for the marketplace. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 466, COMM 497, COEC 497, COMR 497, APSC 486, or APSC 496E. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  111. COMM 467 (3) Brand Management

    Issues and challenges commonly faced by brand managers, including: assessing brand meaning, evaluating brand health, assessing a brand's leverage potential, evaluating brand extensions, managing brands through a crisis, and assessing brand value. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296.

  112. COMM 468 (3) Marketing Applications

    Applied marketing planning with emphasis on a major industrial analysis and the subsequent development of a detailed marketing plan for an operating organization. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: All of COMM 362, COMM 363, COMM 365.

  113. COMM 469 (3) International Marketing

    An analysis of the scope and significance of contemporary international business operations with particular reference to the marketing management problems encountered by firms with multinational branches and subsidiaries. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 296.

  114. COMM 470 (3) Venture Capital

    Theory and evidence concerning venture capital markets. Contracting, fundraising, and financing choice covered in depth, with the aim of catering to students looking to raise money for entrepreneurial ventures or to invest in entrepreneurial ventures. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: One of COMM 370, COMM 387.

  115. COMM 471 (3) Mergers and Acquisitions

    Mergers and acquisitions as a focal point in making important corporate decisions deduced from careful study of relevant business cases. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 370.

  116. COMM 474 (3) Fixed Income Markets and Management

    Fixed income instruments and derivatives. Risk profiles and their use in establishing fixed income investment portfolios. Performance attribution techniques. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: COMM 374.

  117. COMM 475 (3) Investment Policy

    The management of security portfolios for individual and institutional investors; relation of investment policy to money markets and business fluctuations. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 371.

  118. COMM 477 (3) Risk Management and Financial Engineering

    Principles of financial engineering and risk management. Use of derivatives in risk management. Valuation and hedging models for contingent claims. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 374.

  119. COMM 479 (3) Advanced Topics on Corporate Finance

    Corporate Finance is the process by which corporations raise money, allocate funds to real assets, and manage the flow of funds back to the investors. Topics will vary according to interests of students, instructors, and developments in the field. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Corequisite: All of COMM 370, COMM 371.

  120. COMM 480 (3) Co-operative Work Placement III

    Approved and supervised work experience for a minimum of 35 months. Normally taken during the summer term of the fourth year. Technical report required. Restricted to students admitted to the Co-operative. Education Program in Commerce. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 381.

  121. COMM 481 (3) Co-operative Work Placement IV

    Approved and supervised work experience for a minimum of 35 months. Normally taken during the fall term of the fourth year. Technical report required. Restricted to students admitted to the Co-operative Education Program in Commerce. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: COMM 480.

  122. COMM 482 (3) New Product Development

    How new products are developed and the factors that influence success and failure throughout the various stages of development. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 482..

  123. COMM 483 (6) Leadership and General Management

    Integration and application of business knowledge to make business decisions across disciplines; development of personal leadership ability and style. Case-based with guest speakers. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  124. COMM 484 (3) Sustainability Marketing

    Role of marketing in creating social value. Integration of marketing fundamentals with core social, environmental, and economic principles of sustainability. Analysis of current sustainability trends. Development of strategic and practical marketing recommendations for for-profit enterprises. Potential and pitfalls of sustainability marketing. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  125. COMM 485 (3) Social Entrepreneurship

    An applied course that examines the innovative, growing, and rapidly evolving field of social entrepreneurship, which tackles social and environmental challenges through business perspectives and methods. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 485 or COMR 485. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 485.

  126. COMM 486 (1.5-12) d Special Topics in Business

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Equivalency: COMR 486.

  127. COMM 487 (3) Environmental Management

    Explores corporate environmental strategy by introducing economic principles underlying environmental policy, law, and technologies for pollution prevention and abatement, environmental management systems, ISO-14001, energy systems, eco-marketing, and life-cycle analysis. Credit will be granted for only one of COEC 475, COMM 487, COMM 597, or ECON 371.

  128. COMM 488 (3) Public Sector Management

    This course focuses on some of the distinctive aspects of managing in the public sector. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  129. COMM 489 (3) Applied Methods in Technology Start-ups at CDL

    Students work with the Creative Destruction Lab team to help start-ups that are focused on science and emerging technology. Students support real companies with market analysis, customer development, financial analysis, and will see how investors make decisions. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  130. COMM 490 (3/6) d Directed Studies in Commerce

    An investigation and report on a topic to be agreed upon by a member of the faculty and a senior student. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  131. COMM 491 (3) Strategic Management

    Concepts and processes for the strategic management of private sector, single and multi-business unit enterprises are analysed using the case method. Methodologies which draw on economic and organizational theory are integrated to form the foundations for strategic analyses. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 491 or COEC 491. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: Either (a) all of COMM 390, COMM 395 or (b) COMM 396. Fourth-year standing.

    Equivalency: COEC 491.

  132. COMM 492 (3) Management Simulation

    Student teams manage hypothetical firms in a complex simulation, coordinating production, finance, marketing and strategic planning in competition with other teams. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: Either (a) all of COMM 390, COMM 395 or (b) COMM 396. Fourth-year standing.

  133. COMM 495 (3) Business and Sustainable Development

    An overview of environmental issues, focusing on corporate strategy, government policy and interactions between these two sectors of the economy. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  134. COMM 497 (3) New Enterprise Development

    The particular problems and experiences encountered in starting, developing and managing new enterprises. The course includes lectures, guest speakers, and case studies. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 497, COMM 466, COEC 497, COMR 497, APSC 486, or APSC 496E. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: Either (a) all of COMM 390, COMM 395 or (b) COMM 396. Fourth-year standing.

    Equivalency: COEC 497, COMR 497.

  135. COMM 498 (3) International Business Management

    Development of general environmental framework for international business studies by drawing on international and development economics, research into government-business relations and studies in comparative socio-cultural systems and political systems. Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 498 or COEC 498. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: Either (a) all of COMM 390, COMM 395 or (b) COMM 396. Fourth-year standing.

    Equivalency: COEC 498.

  136. COMM 499 (3/6) d Internship

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  137. COMM 505 (3) Seminar in Urban Land Economics

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  138. COMM 520 (3) Advanced Topics in Organizational Behaviour

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  139. COMM 525 (3) Introduction to Behavioural Research Methods for Business

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  140. COMM 528 (3) Advanced Topics in Human Resource Management

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  141. COMM 544 (3) Seminar in Transportation Economics

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  142. COMM 547 (3-6) d Major Essay/Industry Project

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  143. COMM 548 (3) Directed Study in Business Administration

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  144. COMM 549 (6/12) c Master's Thesis

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  145. COMM 581 (3) Statistical Methodology I

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  146. COMM 582 (3) Statistical Methodology II

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  147. COMM 583 (3) Forecasting and Time Series Analysis in Business Environments

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  148. COMM 589 (3) Consulting Practices: Applications

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  149. COMM 590 (3-9) d Topics in Business Administration

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  150. COMM 592 (3) Management Simulation

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  151. COMM 597 (3) Environmental Management

    Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 487 or COMM 597. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  152. COMM 601 (3) Seminar in Research Methodology

    Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 601 or COMM 693. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  153. COMM 611 (3) Seminar on Theoretical Developments in Management

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  154. COMM 612 (3) Advanced Topics in Optimization

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  155. COMM 616 (3) Optimization Theory and Applications

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  156. COMM 618 (3) Discrete Optimization II

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  157. COMM 621 (3) Seminar in Human Resource Management

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  158. COMM 622 (3) Seminar in Classics and Theory Construction in Organizational Behaviour

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  159. COMM 623 (3) Qualitative Research Methods in Organizational Behaviour

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  160. COMM 625 (3) Advanced Topics in Organizational Behaviour

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  161. COMM 626 (3) Advanced Topics in Organizational Theory

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  162. COMM 627 (3) Advanced Behavioural Research Methods

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  163. COMM 628 (3) Organizational Studies Research Seminar

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  164. COMM 633 (3) Modelling Methods in the Research and Practice of Information Systems

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

    Prerequisite: At least nine graduate course credits in information system topics.

  165. COMM 634 (3) Empirical Research Methods in Information Systems

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  166. COMM 635 (3) Advanced Topics in Management Information Systems

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  167. COMM 636 (3) Workshop in Management Information Systems

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  168. COMM 644 (3) Advanced Topics in Transportation

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  169. COMM 649 (0) Ph.D. Thesis

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  170. COMM 651 (3) Analysis of Accounting Information in Markets

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  171. COMM 654 (3) Analysis of Accounting Information in Organizations

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  172. COMM 655 (3) Stock Market Inefficiencies

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  173. COMM 657 (3) Empirical Methods in Accounting Research

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  174. COMM 658 (3) Research Seminar in Accounting

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  175. COMM 659 (3) Advanced Topics in Empirical Accounting Research

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  176. COMM 660 (3) Research Seminar in Marketing

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  177. COMM 661 (3) Analytical Methods and Models in Marketing

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  178. COMM 662 (3) Buyer Behaviour

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  179. COMM 663 (3) Consumer Judgment and Decision Making

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  180. COMM 671 (3) Theory of Finance

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  181. COMM 672 (3) Advanced Topics in Theoretical Corporate Finance

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  182. COMM 673 (3) Advanced Topics in Theoretical Asset Pricing

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  183. COMM 674 (3) Advanced Topics in Empirical Asset Pricing

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  184. COMM 675 (3) Research Seminar in Finance Workshop

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  185. COMM 676 (3) Advanced Topics in Empirical Corporate Finance

    Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 695 or COMM 605. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  186. COMM 682 (3) Advanced Topics in Stochastic Models

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  187. COMM 691 (3) Advanced Topics in Strategy and Business Economics

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  188. COMM 692 (3) Research Seminar in Strategy and Business Economics

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  189. COMM 694 (3) Advanced Topics in Urban Land Economics

    Credit will be granted for only one of COMM 694 or COMM 604. This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.

  190. COMM 696 (3) Applied Research in Business Economics and Strategy

    This course is not eligible for Credit/D/Fail grading.


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